Ariana Nexus translates informed consent forms, assent forms and participant recruitment materials into Pashto and Dari for sponsors, CROs, research sites and IRBs. Health-trained Afghan linguists translate, a second linguist reviews, an independent translator back-translates, and every study receives a certificate of translation accuracy for IRB submission.
Specimen layout. Title lines in Pashto and Dari read right to left.
A consent form can pass a spell-check and still fail the person who signs it. These are the four failures we see most often in Afghan-language research materials.
Pashto and Dari are Afghanistan's two principal languages, and many Afghans speak one at home and read the other. We recommend one, the other or both after looking at your participants' regions, ages and schooling.
Examples only. Each study's glossary is set with your team before translation begins.
Enrolling speakers of Uzbeki, Turkmeni, Balochi or another Afghan language? We scope them with the same method. Several Afghan languages have no settled written standard; for those, consent moves by recorded audio and interpreter-supported discussion under your IRB-approved process.
هر ګډونوال حق لري چې د څېړنې معلومات په خپله ژبه ترلاسه کړي.هر اشتراککننده حق دارد معلومات تحقیق را به زبان خودش دریافت کند.Every participant has the right to receive research information in their own language.
A bilingual speaker can read both texts. A matched linguist knows how a family from Kandahar or Herat will read yours.
This summary helps you plan. Your IRB decides what your study requires.
Where no certification exists, we set the standard.
No U.S. certification exam tests translation from English into Pashto or Dari. So we built the standard ourselves: degree-holding Afghan linguists, assessed in the exact variety they translate, trained in ethics and HIPAA, with a second linguist on every document. We extend that training to Afghan diaspora interpreters and students beyond our own team.
Your study is guided by a team trained at Cornell, Brown, West Chester University and the University of British Columbia, and delivered by a bench of degree-holding Afghan linguists.
Native Pashto and Dari linguists, each with a college degree, assessed in the variety they translate, trained in ethics and annual HIPAA, and reviewed by a second linguist on every document.
Federal rules require consent information in language the participant understands, and Section 1557 requires a qualified translator when a recipient of HHS funding runs the research. None of them names a certification. Most IRBs ask for a certificate or attestation of accuracy, and every Ariana Nexus consent translation comes with a signed certificate of translation accuracy.
No. Dari and Iranian Persian share a script and most grammar, but everyday clinical words differ. Afghan readers expect داکتر for doctor and دوا for medicine, not the Iranian پزشک and دارو. A Farsi consent form can read as foreign to an Afghan participant, so we translate into Afghanistan's Dari.
Often both. Pashto and Dari are Afghanistan's two principal languages, and many Afghans speak one at home and read the other. We look at where your participants come from, their ages and their schooling, then recommend the languages and spoken varieties to use.
FDA and Common Rule regulations do not require one, but many sponsors and IRBs expect it for consent forms. We include an independent, blind back translation and a reconciliation report with every informed consent translation, so reviewers can compare meaning line by line.
The short form route in 45 CFR 46.117(b)(2) and 21 CFR 50.27(b)(2) is for unexpected enrollment: an oral presentation, a witness and an IRB-approved written summary. In FDA-regulated studies, FDA's 2023 guidance says the full consent should then be translated promptly, approved by the IRB and given to the participant as soon as possible. We translate short forms in advance and move the full consent on a priority track.
Many Afghan adults, especially women, had little chance to attend school. We pair the written consent with audio or video in the participant's variety, plain scripts and teach-back questions for the consent discussion, and qualified Pashto and Dari medical interpreters when your IRB-approved process calls for one.
Yes. On request, women linguists review sensitive content, record voice-overs and run comprehension checks for women's health, reproductive and mental-health studies, and women interpreters join consent discussions. Pashto marks gender in its grammar, so materials addressed to women are written in the correct forms.
It depends on length, the number of documents and varieties, and whether back translation and audio are included. We confirm a delivery date in writing with your quote, plan around your IRB submission, and offer a priority track for short-form follow-ups and urgent amendments.
We quote a fixed price per study after reviewing word count, languages and varieties, back translation, layout, audio or video, and deadlines. Sponsors and CROs with several studies or frequent amendments can use program or framework pricing.
Qualified people translate and review every participant-facing sentence. We use technology to keep terminology consistent and to confirm nothing was missed, never to write consent language. Where Section 1557 applies, machine translation of critical health information must be reviewed by a qualified human translator, and a consent form is critical information.
We sign an NDA before files move and a business associate agreement whenever protected health information is involved. Files are handled only by Ariana Nexus's own team in access-controlled systems and are never routed through channels controlled by the de facto authorities in Afghanistan.
Yes. For research on PTSD, moral injury (sometimes searched as moral trauma), depression and other effects of the Afghan war and displacement, we write consent language that is calm and specific about recording, data sharing and the right to stop, and that avoids words carrying stigma in Afghan communities.
No U.S. certification exam tests translation from English into Pashto or Dari. We built our own standard: every linguist holds a college degree, is assessed in the variety they translate, completes ethics and annual HIPAA training, and has each document reviewed by a second linguist.
Send your IRB-approved English documents under NDA. We reply with a scope, a timeline and a fixed quote.
